2025 brings a host of changes to law both within and outside of the UK that are destined to affect every Brit. Spanning from Labour’s push to hit net zero targets to Schengen border changes, these are the new rules you’ll be held to over the next 12 months, with more due to add on in 2026.
Disposable vape ban
This nationwide ban will forbid the sale of single-use vapes to “end this nation’s throwaway culture” according to circular economy minister Mary Creagh. The legislation is currently making its way through Parliament and if approved will come into force on June 1, 2025. Businesses have been advised by Defra to sell their remaining stock before the ban, reports the MEN.
Tobacco and Vapes Bill
This new bill holds a lot of the controversial smoking-related laws that have garnered headlines this year including increasing the age limit of buying tobacco products so that children currently aged 15 and under will never be able to legally purchase it. Additionally, it also extends the power to ban smoking in specific outdoor spaces like children’s playgrounds.
Junk food bans
One of the more controversial new laws is the ban on TV adverts for junk food products being advertised before 9pm. The rule is set to come into play from October in order to curb childhood obesity. However, experts have debated the criteria used by the government to classify “junk food”.
Wages increases
National Living Wage, minimum hourly wage for apprentices and the National Minimum Wage are increasing in April with the minimum earnings for 18 to 20-year-olds rising by the highest amount on record, £1.40, to a new high of £10 an hour. There are reportedly plans to eventually create a single rate of minimum wage and national living wage for adults, phasing out the age brackets.
Free childcare expansion
From next September, parents of children aged nine months and older will be entitled to up to 30 hours of free childcare per week until their child starts school. This is to ensure eligible working parents, classified as people who individually earn more than £9,518 but less than £100,000 per year, are able to get to work.
Some parents may also be able to access 30 minutes of free childcare before school as part of the new breakfast club rollout. The first of which are set to be open from April.
Parental leave and sick pay
New, higher rates for parental leave pay and statutory sick pay will come into effect from April. This includes new rates of statutory maternity pay, statutory paternity pay, statutory adoption pay, statutory shared parental pay and statutory parental bereavement pay will all go up to £187.18 per week and statutory sick pay at £118.75 per week.
Publicly owned rails
Labour’s plans to renationalise British rails starts next year with new laws making public ownership of operators the default option, with a total of three operators to be brought into public ownership over the next year. This includes South Western Railway, the c2c and Greater Anglia.
Electric vehicle tax
April 1, 2025 could bring the first tax bills for EV drivers through the Vehicle Excise Duty as their exemption to the tax ends. This decision was actually put in place by the former Tory chancellor Jeremy Hunt.
EVs registered on or after the tax comes into play will get the lower first-year rate of £10 while those registered before this will face the standard rate of £190 a year. The exemption EVs have for the Expensive Car Supplement is also ending meaning those still liable will have to pay an additional £410 a year for the first five years of ownership if their car is worth more than £40,000.
Employer national insurance
As of April 2025, employers will face a 1.2% higher rate of NI and a lower threshold for when this tax is applicable, dropping from £9,100 per year to £5,000. Small businesses, however, will also see an increase in Employment Allowance which allows them to reduce their NI liability, rising from £5,000 to £10,500.
Non-dom status
Brits with permanent homes outside the UK will be facing a new tax regime next year which should close the loophole that allows wealthy people to earn income in lower tax countries by nominating it as their primary domicile and not be liable to UK taxes. It will be replaced with a residence-based test, as chancellor Rachel Reeves declared during her autumn budget: “I have always said that if you make Britain your home, you should pay your tax here.”
Rights for renters
One of Labour’s more ambitious legislative changes is the Renters’ Rights Bill, which aims to end no-fault evictions and provide renters with extra protection against being evicted and rent increases. The new legislation would remove the power landlords have to evict tenants without a valid reason like wanting to sell their property.
The Bill is currently making its way through parliament but will hopefully come into force over the summer. It will also give renters a one-year period of protection at the start of their tenancy during which the landlord can’t evict them to move in or sell the property. Finally, it also aims to tackle unreasonable rent increases ensuring landlords can only raise the rent once a year at market rate.
Leasehold system changes
The government hopes to update the “feudal” leasehold system by protecting them from “excessive, opaque and escalating costs” imposed by freeholders that own the land their property is on. Starting this week, the rule that leaseholders need to wait two years before buying their freehold or extending their lease will be removed.
In the spring, Right to Manage rules will also come into play, ensuring owners in mixed-use buildings can take over management. Lastly, the government hopes to introduce the Leasehold and Commonhold Reform Bill, which is currently in its draft stage, in late 2025 to transition to a commonhold system. This would treat flats and apartments as individual freehold properties and common areas will be managed by a commonhold association owned by the flat freeholders.
Travel rules
While not part of the UK’s legislation changes, travellers must be warned that as they may need the new ETIAS permit to travel within the Schengen zone in Europe. This will cost around €7 for people aged 18 to 70 and will be mandatory for non-EU and non-Schengen citizens if they don’t need a visa to enter the country.
The ETIAS scheme has been delayed multiple times but governments are assuring it will be implemented six months after the ESS adoption. This second scheme will affect non-EU citizens travelling in the EU, registering travellers with an automated system every time they cross an external EU border, meaning travellers may have to provide biometric data at EU borders instead of getting passport stamps.
Back in the UK, tourists need to be aware of the new ETA scheme to be rolled out in full next year. It costs £10 and allows multiple journeys to the UK for stays of up to six months at a time. ETAs are digitally linked to a traveller’s passport and is meant to provide more robust security checks at UK borders.
By January 8, all non-Europeans will need an ETA to travel to the UK. This will then be continually extended to different nationalities, until April 2025 when all visitors to the UK will need either an ETA or an eVisa to travel through the UK. British and Irish citizens will reportedly be exempted from the ETA system.